Symptoms & Risk Factors

What is Lung Cancer?

Lung cancer typically originates in the lining of the bronchi — the main airways of the lungs — but can also develop in other areas of the lungs, such as in the bronchioles or alveoli. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death across genders.

Lung cancers are believed to develop over a period of many years. Nearly all lung cancers are Carcinomas, which begin in an organ's lining or covering tissues. Different types of lung cancer grow and spread uniquely, requiring tailored treatments. Early detection and advancing therapies offer hope for improved outcomes.


Risk Factors for Lung Cancer

Most preventable lung cancers are caused by smoking. However, there are things that non-smokers are affected by, too. Some risk factors include:

  • Smoking or history of heavy smoking — even if you quit years ago.
  • Exposure to second-hand smoke or air pollution.
  • Exposure to toxic substances, such as arsenic, radon, or asbestos.
  • Family history of lung cancer.

Lung Cancer Symptoms

cancer symptoms often do not appear until they have spread; however, there are some early symptoms to be aware of:

  • Coughing up blood
  • Stubborn cough and infections that recur
  • Chest pain
  • Weight loss and loss of appetite
  • Shortness of breath
  • Recurring bronchitis and pneumonia

Lung Cancer Screening

UI Health provides lung cancer screenings for people who are:

  • 50 - 80 years old (50-77 years old with Medicare)
  • A person who currently smokes or who quit smoking less than 15 years ago
  • With a smoking history of at least 20 pack-years (one pack-year is equivalent to smoking one pack of cigarettes a day for 20 years or 10 cigarettes per day for 40 years)