Lung Health Program

Diaphragm Stimulation Therapy

Diaphragm Stimulation Therapy for Patients on Mechanical Ventilation

UI Health offers diaphragm stimulation therapy for select critically ill patients who require mechanical ventilation. This therapy uses a temporary diaphragm neurostimulation technology designed to help activate the diaphragm, the primary muscle used for breathing, in order to strengthen and recover its function.

Why Diaphragm Strength Matters

A mechanical ventilator supports a patient’s breathing while they are critically ill. Because the ventilator is doing some or all of the work of breathing, diaphragm muscle activity is reduced.

Like other muscles that are not regularly used, the diaphragm can weaken over time. This condition is sometimes referred to as ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. A weakened diaphragm may make it more difficult for a patient to breathe independently and transition off mechanical ventilation.

How the Therapy Works

A physician places a temporary, specialized catheter into a central vein. The catheter delivers controlled electrical stimulation to the phrenic nerves, which help activate the diaphragm.

This stimulation causes the diaphragm to contract while the patient continues to receive breathing support from the ventilator. The therapy may be thought of as a form of muscle stimulation to help strengthen the diaphragm during critical illness.

Goals of Diaphragm Stimulation Therapy

Depending on the patient’s condition, the therapy may be used to:

• Help activate and recover diaphragm function
• Reduce diaphragm muscle weakness associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation
• Support the process of transitioning from mechanical ventilation to independent breathing
• Potentially reduce complications associated with prolonged ventilator use
• Support the patient’s overall recovery

Individual results vary, and the therapy does not replace mechanical ventilation or other critical care treatments.

Who May Be Eligible?

Diaphragm stimulation therapy is not appropriate for every patient receiving mechanical ventilation. It may be considered for select adult ICU patients who are expected to require prolonged ventilator support and who meet specific clinical criteria.

A multidisciplinary critical care team evaluates each patient’s condition, medical history and treatment needs to determine whether the therapy may be appropriate.